Saturday, November 22, 2014

Assessments in Literacy

Hinchman and Thomas Ch. 19
This chapter focus on assessment in literacy at the secondary levels.  Literacy is in all aspects in secondary education.  Therefore many students are having trouble with literacy.  RTI is an approach to screening struggling readers.  It's a way for teachers to identify and respond.  Another tool teachers use is called CARI (content area reading inventory).  The results can be turned into instructional strategies to help students learn.  CARI is flexible and can be differentiated based on students need.  CARI can be develop by the teacher to asses the needs they want.  By using assessments to improve teaching instruction, students can get better differentiated help they need.

Afflerbach

This article looked at how to make assessments.  The three questions he suggested must be asked when thinking about assessment are:
1. how do we assess?
2. Why do we assess?
3. What do we assess?
When making assessments teachers must consider cognition, observation, and interpretation. By using the CURRV framework teachers can reference it to decide what an appropriate assessment type work for certain things.  It's important to choose assessment that go along with the assignments.  Teachers need to obtain certain information by choose the right assessment.  The chapter ends by talking about how important it is to use professional development to focus on assessments.  The assessments need to left in the teachers hands.  Where the teachers is aware of what the child needs and can accomplish.

Moje and Hinchman
This chapter focus on the need to use culturally response practices.  This type of practices focuses on being respectful to ones culture and meeting their learning needs.  By honoring students as individuals, they learn respect and tolerance.  Teachers need to know individual discourse and work on differentiating their funds of knowledge.  Being culturally responsive helps build classroom communities.

Text to Text
The text this week discuss different assessments and there need for them.  Knowing why assessment is important to learning helps teachers develop appropriate assessments.
Text to Self

Text to World
Assessments are important regardless of how you feel about them.  They help teachers understand where they lack in teaching and were there students need help.  The world is full of different types of test/assessments throughout life.  Therefore it's important to help students understand why assessment are needed.  It's also important to develop assessments that are appropriate for certain task.

Questions:
Do you make your own assessments?  or do you usually use a pre made assessment?

Friday, November 14, 2014

Coiro
This article gave great insight in how to incorporate new literacies in to the classroom.  It gave specify guidelines to help students so they will be successful using multimodal technology.  The use of technology, in the classroom, helps students broaden their views and makes learning more dimensional.

Kamil
This chapter gives specific ways to improve adolescent literacy through technology and computer instruction, social factors, and the role of computerized instruction.  Computer practice gives students the opportunities to learn literacy and collaborate with peers.  With computers, students have immediate access to other sources.  This makes there learning deeper.  Encouraging computer usage with adolescents will enhance their learning experience.

Hincham and Sheridan-Thomas
Ch. 4
Ch. 4 discuss discourse and how developing them helps students identify themselves.  Discourses are important for students to understand.  One must know their discourse.  With the populations quickly changing, teachers must understand connections between diversity, identity, and literacies while teaching students about their connections.  When students know about their own and other peoples dicourse, they develop a deeper understanding.  Discourse help teachers and students bridge the gaps between each other.

CH. 16
Using multimodal approaches help students understand literacy in a more complex manner.  The chapter explains how a teacher incorporated different types of text to help students grasp a deeper understanding of an historical event.  Multimodal text extends to visual, auditory, gestural, and kinesthetic.  When these different approaches are used students make different meanings and interpretations of materials.  Using only print text can be one sided, but including multimodal activities helps students really feel and see the ideas.

Text to Text
All the the readings mentioned in some what the definition of technology is being redefined.  Each article gave solid answers to why technology is no longer a thing of the future.  Children who are in school now haven't even known a life with out computers.  The readings all mentioned how using technology deepens a students understanding of the material.  Unlike a textbook which is 1 dimensional compared the the internet.  

Text to World
Teachers need to be teaching and using technology everyday.  By not adapting instruction to support the demands of multiliteracies, we are doing students a disservice.  No matter what occupation or course in life a student takes post graduation, they will encounter technology and need to be able to manipulate it.

Text to Self
I have done quite a bit of research on new literacies in the past couple years.  None of this information was surprising.  I agree with all of it.  We can either embrace the demand of teaching effectively with technology or risk losing students engagement.  Technology isn't going anywhere, rather it is constantly improving and changing minute to minute.  Therefore we as teachers must continue to educate ourselves to know what is happening in the field of technology.

Questions:
What types of technology do you students come to school having mastery in?  Do you try to include the use of that technology in your class?

Do you think it's still important to include a well balanced approach to teaching, by this I mean tradition approach along with technology integration?  or do you think since our world is rapidly becoming a technology centered world, as a teacher you should try to include as many types of technology?

Friday, November 7, 2014

English Language Learner

Garcia and Godina
ESL students are a growing sector of your country.  Teachers and districts need to be equipped and prepared to teach these types of learners.  The article gives very specific instructional ideas and approaches.  It is important to remember, as a teacher, to get to know your students and their background.  Understand where they have come from and their educational experiences.  It may sound strange but ESL students at times need instruction in their own language.  Collaboration with all school personnel to ensure appropriate material are being introduces, taught, and repeated.  Teachers need to be using the same type techniques to reiterate learning ideas. These students do better with an inquiry-based learning approach.  Small group or one on one instruction allows for ELS to feel comfortable and open to ask questions.  Cooperative learning environment help scaffold instruction.  Student can ask peers questions they might not feel comfortable asking a whole group.  Lectures and teacher centered classrooms do not foster a great learning environment for ESLs.  Content areas should be the main focus of instruction which include reading, writing, listening, and speaking activities.  By offering language arts as an ESL course, this allows students to learn at their own level.  These teachers can focus more on ESL specific problems that native English speakers might not have.  It also helps teachers focus on strategy instruction.  By following some of these approaches ESLs will begin to find mastery in the English language.  

Hinchman and Sheridan-Thomas
This chapter outlines how diverse an EAL can student look.  EALs come from all different backgrounds.  They hold varying English abilities.  Some students were born in the US, but have non-English speaking parents.  Others come to the US being fluent in many languages.  The chapter goes on to explain several instructional strategies that would benefit EALs regardless of their diverse background.  CCSS emphasizes the importance of using high level text that requires student to practice by speaking, listening, and doing. With this kind of emphasizes on language EALs are engaged.  By placing language at the forefront of content instruction, this allows for conversations to be thoughtful and highly engaging.   Another strategy this chapter talks about is fostering the home and school relationships.  Teachers must be in constant communication with their student's families.  Close readings allow for students to track their own thinking and writing.  Students take ownership of their learning.  By shifting the conversations in classroom to be more student centered, teachers do not take over the conversations.  Students need to be speakers and writers.  By speaking they are practicing some of the concepts they are learning in writing.  The chapter then goes on to talk about examples of these strategies used by an 8th grade class.  Four mini lessons are described with the content objects, strategies,  and activities.

Text to Text
These chapters both talk about strategies that can be beneficial to ELLs.  I found it interesting the chapters had similar finding.  Explicit instructions is important to use with students.  Also getting to know your students and their background.  Another similarity was the idea of content areas helping teach language.

Text to Self
Having taught at a school with a high ELL population, I found these strategies to be very accurate.  One thing I always emphasized was the home-school connection.  I knew I had to earn the parents trust and once I did we were open to discuss ideas.  I thought reading about how the Hispanic and American cultures are very different.  It explains why some of my hispanic parents seemed disengaged.  Which wasn't the case, they just culturally did things differently.  They were very involved, but maybe not how I would have expected.

Text to World
America's ELL population is quickly rising.  Teachers need to understand that just teaching these students like native students will not be a fix all.  Their are many factors to take into account.  I feel sometimes teachers just assume this idea of immigrant students is going to go away, but it's not.  Teachers need to get on board and begin learning instructional strategies that will help them and their students be the most successful they can be.

Question
Have you worked with ELLs in your classroom?  Any strategies you have found  particularly helpful that were mentioned?